جزئہ ت ح ق ی اامعتسل اک ق : وہفمم، احلطصمت اور رقآن ت ف س ملعِ ی The Science of Tafsīr: A Research Study on Its Meaning, Terminology, and Qur'ānic Usage

Abstract

Tafsīr is a fundamental Islamic science that seeks to explain the meanings,
implications, and wisdom embedded in the verses of the Holy Qurʾān. This paper
explores the linguistic roots and terminological definitions of Tafsīr, examining
how it has been understood, employed, and explained by classical and
contemporary scholars. The Arabic root "f-s-r" connotes explanation,
clarification, and unveiling of hidden meanings. The study reviews various
definitions and highlights that Tafsīr is not simply a literal translation but an
intellectual effort to elucidate divine meanings by employing auxiliary disciplines
such as Arabic grammar, rhetoric, context (asbāb al-nuzūl), abrogation (nāsikh
wa mansūkh), and readings (qirāʾāt). Additionally, this paper presents a critical
analysis of the Qurʾānic usage of the term Tafsīr, noting that it appears once
explicitly in Sūrat al-Furqān, and multiple times in synonymous forms such as
bayān, tabyīn, tafsīl, kashf, and sharḥ. These synonyms, frequently employed in
both the Qurʾān and Hadīth, emphasize the broader function of explanation and
detailed interpretation. The research identifies thematic and terminological
parallels between Qurʾānic and prophetic usage of these terms, showcasing their
shared objective—to uncover divine intent. The aim of the study is to consolidate
classical views and lexicons, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of
the concept of Tafsīr from its linguistic origin to its theological application. This
provides foundational insights for scholars, students, and readers of the Qurʾān
who seek deeper engagement with its meanings.