(امهات تفاسیر معتزلہ کا خصوصی مطالعہ) آئمہ معتزلہ کا تفسیر قرآن میں لغت سے استدلال کا اسلوب

Methodology of lexical reasoning of Mu‘tazilite in Qur’anic Exegesis (Special Study of Mu’tazilah’s Basic Commentaries)

Abstract

The importance of lexical reasoning in the exegesis of the Qur'an is an undisputable fact which no one can deny, but the Mu'tazilites, one of the theological sects of the Muslims, used it freely in the interpretation of Qur’anic Verses to prove their beliefs and ideologies. They have denied some of the the consensus of Muslims and their common beliefs on linguistic grounds. The Mu‘tazilite scholars who produced exegetical literature are as follows:Abū Bakr ‘alAṣam (d.225A.H),Abū ‘Alī Jubā’ī (d.303 A.H),Balkhī (d.319 A.H),Abū Muslim Iṣfahānī(d.321A.H), Rummānī(d.384A.H), Qāḍī‘Abdu’Jabbār(d.415A.H), Murtaḍā‘Alwī (d.436A.H),Zamakhsharī(d.538A.H).Among these exegetes, the exegetical views of alAṣam, Jubā’ī, Balkhī and Rummānī have been compiled in a five volumed book named “Mosū‘ah Tafāsīr al- Mu‘tazilah”.For apprehension of the Qur’ānic Interpretations of Mu‘tazilites and keeping in view the importance of their exegetical literature, along with the exegeses included in Mosū‘ah Tafāsīr al- Mu‘tazilah, ‘Abdu’l Jabbār’s Tanzīh alQur’ān ‘ani’l Maṭā‘in; Murtaḍā ‘Alwī’s Gharar al-Fawā’id wa Durar al-Qalā’id and Zamakhsharī’s Al-Kashshāf have been opted in this research. In the linguistic Qur’ānic interpretations by these scholars, despite the fact that they meet the principles of interpretation or not, an astonishing factor of pondering upon the Qur’ān can be observed.