The Expression of the Qur’ānic Oaths and Inferences of Imām Qurṭubī (A Specialized Study of Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān)
Abstract
Abstract
An important discussion Of the Qur’ānic Sciences is the Oaths of the Holy Qur’ān which contributes substantially to the linguistic elegance of the Holy Discourse. It is abundant with the ability of effective persuasion. The expression and the intents of the Qur’ānic Oaths are greatly significant in demonstrating the rationale behind them. There are numerous objects (Muqsam) the Exalted Allāh has taken oaths upon, exhibiting their magnificence and esteem. The Oaths of the Qur’ān serve the purpose of auxiliary emphasis to assure the authenticity of their complements (Muqsam ‘Alayh). In this research paper, the meaning and components of the Oath, the expression of the Qur’ānic Oaths, their intents, objects, complements and their interpretation in the light of Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān are highlighted with respect to multiple objects of Oaths. Moreover, this paper accentuates the inferences of Imām al-Qurṭubī in elucidation of the Qur’ānic Oaths through descriptive and analytical method and concludes with the styles of expression and motives behind the Oaths taken by the Omnipotent Allāh in the Qur’ān as interpreted in his exegesis.
References
His full name is Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Abū Bakr b. Farḥ al-Anṣārī al-Khazrajī al-Andalusī al-Qurṭubī. He was one of the most eminent scholars of Córdoba, Spain. He was an adept exegete and a proficient Traditionist. The name of his exegesis is Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān which holds an incredibly distinguished position among not only the classical exegetical literature but also among the commentaries of Modern era. There are many stupendous oeuvres on his panel regarding numerous Islamic disciplines exhibiting his scholastic eminence. He died in 671 A.D in Egypt. (For details, see: Al-Aʻlām. (2002). 5:322; Shadharāt al-Dhahab fī Akhbār mun Dhahab. (n.d.), 7:584; Kashaf al-Ẓunūn, (n.d.). 1:390; Al-Dībāj al-Madhab fī Maʻrfati ‘Ulamā’ Aʻyān al-Madhab. (2011). 2:308
Al-Namal, 27:49
Ibn Sayyida, ‘Alī b. Ismā‘īl, Al-Muḥkam wa’l Muḥīṭ al-A‘ẓam (Beirūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2000), 6: 247-8
Rāghib Iṣfahānī, Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qur’ān, (Damascus: Dār al-Qalm, 2009), 670
Al-Dhāriyāt, 51:23
Suyūṭī, Jalāl al-Dīn, Al-Itqān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān, (Saudi Arabia: Markaz Darāsāt al-Qur’āniyyah, n.d.) 5: 1768-9
Al-Rūmī, Fahd b. ‘Abd al-Raḥmān, Darāsāt fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān, (Riyāḍ: King Fahd Printing Press, 2005), 421
Ibid
Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad b. Mukarram, Lisān al-ʻArab (Beirūt: Dār Ṣādir, 2010), 12: 481
Ibid
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Al-Tibyān fī Aqsām al-Qur’ān (Cairo: Maktabatul Mutnabī, n.d.), 7
Aḥmad Mukhtār ‘Umar, Al-Muʻjam al-Lughat al-ʻArabiyyāh al-Muʻāṣirah (Cairo: ‘Ālim al-Kutub, 2008), 1813
Ibid
‘Abdul Raḥīm, ‘Abdul Jalīl, Lughat al-Qur’ān al-Karīm (‘Umān: Maktabah al-Risālah al-Ḥadītha, 1981), 265
Zarkashī, Badar al-Dīn, Al-Burhān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān, (Cairo: Dār al-Turāth, 1957), 1: 179
Qurṭubī, Abū ‘Abdullāh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, (Beirūt: Al-Risālah Publishers, 2006), 1: 241
Suyūṭī, Al-Itqān fī ‘Ulūm al-Qur’ān, 5: 1945
Al-A‘rāf, 7:21
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 19: 469
Suyūṭī, Al-Itqān, 5: 1946
Ibn Qayyim, Al-Tibyān fī Aqsām al-Qur’ān, 13
Suyūṭī, Al-Itqān, 5: 1948
Ibn Qayyim, Al-Tibyān fī Aqsām al-Qur’ān, 89
Ibid, 26
Ibid, 7
Ibid
Ibid, 32
Ibid, 52
Ibid, 7
Ibid, 77
Ibid, 184
Ibid, 134
Ibid, 14
Ibn Qayyim, Al-Tibyān fī Aqsām al-Qur’ān, 7
Ibid, 8
Al-Dhāriyāt, 51:23
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 19: 487
Al-Dhāriyāt, 51:22
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 19: 488
YāSīn, 36:2
Ibid, 36:3
YāSīn, 36:1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 17: 410
Ibid
Ibid
Al-Zukhruf, 43:2
Ibid, 43:3
Al-Zukhruf, 43:1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 19: 5
Ibid
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, p. 6
Al-Ḥijr, 15:72
Ibn ‘Āshūr, Muḥammad b. Ṭāḥir, Al-Taḥrīr wa’l Tanwīr (Tunisia: Dār al-Tunissia lil Nashar, 1884), 14: 6
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 12: 228
Ibid
Ibid, 229
Ibid, 230
Al-Qalam, 68:1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 21: 138
Ibid
Tirmidhī, Abū ‘Esā, Al-Jāmi’ al-Kabīr, Book On Al-Qadar, Chapter: Signifying the importance of believing in al-Qadar, No. 2155 (For translation: https://sunnah.com/tirmidhi)
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 21: 139
Al-Ṣāffāt, 37:1-3
Ibid, 37:4
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 18: 5
Ibid, 18: 6
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 18: 7
Al-Balad, 90: 1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 288
Ibid, 22: 289
Ibid
Ibid
Al-Layl, 92: 1-2
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 320
Al-‘Aṣr, 103: 1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 463
Ibid, 22: 464
Al-‘Aṣr, 103:2
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 465
Al-Mudaththir, 74: 32
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 21: 391
Al-Ṭāriq, 86:1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 201
Al-Ṭāriq, 86: 2
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 204
Ibid, 22: 202
Al-Qiyāmah, 75: 1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 21: 404
Ibid, 21: 406
Al-Tīn, 95: 1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 363
Ibn Qayyim, Muḥammad b. Abū Bakr, Zād al-Ma‘ād fī Hadyī Khair al-‘Ibād (Beirūt: Al-Risālah Publishers, 2010), 4: 268
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 363
Al-A‘rāf, 7:22
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 365
Al-Ṭabarānī, Sulaimān b. Aḥmad, Al-Mu‘jam al-Aust, (Cairo: Dār al-Ḥaramain, n.d), Chapter of Alif, The names with Aḥmad, 1: 210, No. 678
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 363
Al-Nūr, 24: 35
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 365
Al-Dhāriyāt, 51: 1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 19: 469
Ibid
Al-‘Ādiyāt, 100:1
Qurṭubī, Al-Jāmi’ li-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān, 22: 426
Ibid
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